New push of tray plating – planting machine

With an annual sown area of ​​nearly 80,000 hectares, rice is still the main crop in Ninh Binh province’s agricultural production. However, in the province, rice production is still basically maintained by the traditional method, the sowing rate is still high. In addition, the unbalanced use of pesticides and fertilizers has increased production costs, severely affecting rice farmers’ profits.

Therefore, there is a need to form a link chain in rice production and promote the application of synchronous mechanization in order to maximize benefits, save costs and improve farmers’ incomes.

Mr. Bui Huu Ngoc, director of Ninh Binh Center for Agriculture – Forestry – Fisheries Extension shared: Promoting synchronous mechanization in rice production helps ensure seasonality, increase land use coefficient, improve productivity, reduce labor force , people’s thinking and manual work to change farming methods. At the same time, synchronous mechanization also helps reduce varieties and pesticides, improve the quality of agricultural products, improve the output value per unit area, increase farmers’ income…

Mr. Ngoc analyzed: The stage of sowing with an automatic seeder is easier to operate, easy to care for, convenient to use, and protects seedlings in adverse weather compared to traditional sowing. Also, this method helps to save the maximum amount of seed to sow (25 – 30% compared to traditional sowing), maximum saving of time and labor (1 sowing machine requires 5 workers to work). Work in 1 hour, sowing 600-800 seedling trays, transplanting for an area of ​​over 2 ha). Besides using trays for machine transplanting, it can still be used for hand transplanting, which is very suitable for areas lacking land for sowing.

For transplanting and caring for rice: The traveling transplanter can transplant 6 rows at a time with a fixed distance of 30cm to the river, and the hand row can be adjusted from 10 to 24cm. In addition, the density can be adjusted from 16 – 33 clusters/m2; The number of branches/clumps can be adjusted according to the growing needs of each strain, the barefoot characteristics of each region and location.

The outstanding advantage of the transplanter is to improve efficiency, reduce time and reduce labor costs. In the same area of ​​1 ha, if only 2 people are needed for mechanical transplanting, the transplanting will be completed within 2 hours, while for manual transplanting, it will take up to 20 people in 8 hours.

The synchronous application model of mechanization from the seed tray to the transplanter brings significant economic benefits and contributes to an increase in value of 15% compared to traditional production.

Mr. Dinh Van Khiem, deputy director of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Ninh Binh said: In the winter-spring harvest of 2022-2023, Ninh Binh province planted more than 39,000 hectares. The rice synchronous mechanization program was implemented from 2019 with a size of 12 hectares, by the end of 2022 it will grow to more than 1,500 hectares.

In recent years, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Ninh Binh has directed the relevant units to implement the decision of the provincial People’s Council and support and invest in machinery and equipment for agricultural mechanization from sowing stage to harvesting to pre-processing and increase processing such as transplanter, pesticide sprayer, dryer, straw rolling machine… for cooperatives, people and businesses. As a result, the degree of mechanization of the tillage stage has reached over 98% to date; sowing almost 30%; watch out and water over 95%; spraying of pesticides 80%; The harvest is almost 95% …

According to Mr. Khiem, in 2023, with the policy of expanding the area for the production of high-quality rice using the transplant method, the entire province will grow to 50% of the area using the transplant method, of which there are about 5 – 3.10% use planters. At the same time, progressive accumulation will increase by 10% every year, so that by 2025, the ratio of the transplanted rice area and the area using transplanters and synchronous mechanization in the province will increase to 30%.

Mr. Dinh Van Khiem evaluated: At present, in the development orientation, Ninh Binh has decided to take tourism, services and industry as the spearhead. As a result, young workers will tend to migrate to these areas. Therefore, promoting the application of synchronous mechanization in agricultural production will help to thoroughly solve the problem of agricultural labor shortages, reduce input costs, especially for seeds and fertilizers, and facilitate the production of agricultural products.

About 15-20% of the rice area uses organic fertilizers

According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Ninh Binh, organic rice production in the province started in 2018 with a size of 15.7 hectares, so far it has been replicated to about 1,700 hectares.

The production of special high-quality rice in the ecological direction in conjunction with the value chain, the application of improved cultivation techniques, the use of organic fertilizers, the application of rice cultivation mechanization (tray plating, transplanter) has saved labor and, in particular, minimized the use of pesticides herbicides other than snails; Create a clean product line with 10-15% higher efficiency than traditional rice.

The success of the program is a condition of promoting synchronous mechanization in rice production, promoting “4-house” linkage, improving operational efficiency of agricultural cooperatives, gradually transforming production consciousness according to commodity orientation and agricultural development thinking, the Formation of a voluntary cooperation method with the same goals, strengthening the community spirit Solidarity… As a result, the area of ​​high quality specialty rice production has increased from 43% (in 2015) to 70.4% (in 2020), 72.5% ( in 2021) and 75% (in 2022).

According to Mr. Dinh Van Khiem, Deputy Director of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Ninh Binh: Ninh Binh aims to achieve 2% output value growth rate of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in 2023; The production value per 1 hectare of arable land is VND 153 million.

To this end, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has recommended that the provincial people’s committee promulgate an agricultural economic development program in the province starting in 2022. In it there are 5 sub-regions of agroecological economy; Each sub-region identifies key cultures and specifically adopted animals. From there, advise the Provincial People’s Committee to submit to the Provincial People’s Council to issue Resolution 32/2022/NQ-HDND, on measures to support agricultural and rural economic development in Ninh Binh Province in 2022-2025 based on 8 main programs .

In the area of ​​cultivation, support the production of special rice with high quality in organic orientation and in a synchronous value chain. It focuses on supporting seeds and organic fertilizers with the norm of 50% and not more than 10 million VND/ha/crop, supporting 3 consecutive crops to make people’s use of organic fertilizers a habit.

In 2023, a further 3,000 ha of organic rice cultivation is expected following a synchronous value chain. At the same time, with the policy of Decree 35, Decree 62 of the Government on the Management and Utilization of Rice Land, Ninh Binh Province is expected to support 5,000 ha to take advantage of new varieties, new scientific and technical advances, and prioritize the use of organic fertilizers first . With this policy, by the end of 2023, Ninh Binh will have about 15-20% of the rice area using organic fertilizers and adopting synchronous mechanization system.

Mr. Khiem judged: Rice production in the direction of organic, according to a synchronous value chain helps the agricultural industry to develop in a sustainable and value-added manner; Development of Ninh Binh brand specialty products with clear traceability, effectively serving the province’s tourism development activities. In addition, safe agriculture protects the environment and creates an ideal space and environment for the development of tourism, especially in the form of experiential tourism. At the same time, the production link will facilitate the use of modern machinery and equipment and reduce the increasing aging pressure of the current agricultural workforce.

Mr. Pham Trong Nguyen, head of Yen Mo District Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, said: By 2020, most of the district’s rice-growing areas will use the seeding method (straight seeding). However, after the implementation phase, no-till rice showed many limitations, especially in the early phase of sowing. In particular, it costs many varieties, is uneven and takes time to trim; prone to flooding; Rats, yellow slugs do damage easily. Especially after sowing, the water needs to be drained, which is favorable for weed rice (ghost rice) to cause damage…

Therefore, promoting mechanization in agricultural production in general, the use of tray plates and machine transplanting in rice production in particular will simultaneously help solve many “difficult” problems for the agricultural industry. Creation of favorable conditions for the development of high-quality, ecological and sustainable commodity agriculture.